@backtrader said in Best Approach for Live-Trading With Cheat on Open:

So it seems that I have to supply the --replay parameter in oandav20test.py.

I don't know. What you need is a data source which is tick based. You said you wanted to be notified of each price change. There should be no need to replay anything for that data feed.

Hi,

with samples/ibtest/ibtest.py I did some tests with Interactive Brokers livetrading. These are the results:

ibtest.py --data0 EUR.USD-CASH-IDEALPRO --timeframe Seconds --compression 30 --port 7497 --no-rightedge

***** DATA NOTIF: LIVE LIVE, Data0, 0962, 736801.8864360515, 2018-04-17T17:16:28.074845, 1.23699, 1.23699, 1.23699, 1.23699, 0, 0, 1.23703 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8866241798, 2018-04-17T17:16:44.329133, 1.237, 1.237, 1.237, 1.237, 0, 0, 1.237046 LIVE, Data0, 0964, 736801.8866485074, 2018-04-17T17:16:46.431042, 1.2371, 1.2371, 1.2371, 1.2371, 0, 0, 1.237034 LIVE, Data0, 0965, 736801.8866486517, 2018-04-17T17:16:46.443504, 1.237, 1.237, 1.237, 1.237, 0, 0, 1.237002 LIVE, Data0, 0966, 736801.886811497, 2018-04-17T17:17:00.513344, 1.23694, 1.23694, 1.23694, 1.23694, 0, 0, 1.237006 LIVE, Data0, 0967, 736801.8868541777, 2018-04-17T17:17:04.200952, 1.23693, 1.23693, 1.23693, 1.23693, 0, 0, 1.236994 LIVE, Data0, 0968, 736801.8869536915, 2018-04-17T17:17:12.798944, 1.23694, 1.23694, 1.23694, 1.23694, 0, 0, 1.236982 LIVE, Data0, 0969, 736801.8871321745, 2018-04-17T17:17:28.219872, 1.23691, 1.23691, 1.23691, 1.23691, 0, 0, 1.236944 LIVE, Data0, 0970, 736801.8871946137, 2018-04-17T17:17:33.614623, 1.23699, 1.23699, 1.23699, 1.23699, 0, 0, 1.236942 LIVE, Data0, 0971, 736801.8871946996, 2018-04-17T17:17:33.622046, 1.23698, 1.23698, 1.23698, 1.23698, 0, 0, 1.23695 LIVE, Data0, 0972, 736801.8871947962, 2018-04-17T17:17:33.630394, 1.23699, 1.23699, 1.23699, 1.23699, 0, 0, 1.236962 LIVE, Data0, 0973, 736801.8872731669, 2018-04-17T17:17:40.401621, 1.23698, 1.23698, 1.23698, 1.23698, 0, 0, 1.23697 LIVE, Data0, 0974, 736801.8872752264, 2018-04-17T17:17:40.579562, 1.23699, 1.23699, 1.23699, 1.23699, 0, 0, 1.236986 LIVE, Data0, 0975, 736801.8874047493, 2018-04-17T17:17:51.770338, 1.237, 1.237, 1.237, 1.237, 0, 0, 1.236988

ibtest.py --data0 EUR.USD-CASH-IDEALPRO --timeframe Seconds --compression 30 --port 7497 --resample

***** DATA NOTIF: LIVE LIVE, Data0, 0962, 736801.8892361111, 2018-04-17T17:20:30.000000, 1.23689, 1.23706, 1.23689, 1.23701, 0.0, 0, 1.2369620000000001 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8895833333, 2018-04-17T17:21:00.000000, 1.23702, 1.23703, 1.237, 1.23702, 0.0, 0, 1.23696 LIVE, Data0, 0964, 736801.8899305556, 2018-04-17T17:21:30.000000, 1.23701, 1.23707, 1.23699, 1.23707, 0.0, 0, 1.236974 LIVE, Data0, 0965, 736801.8902777778, 2018-04-17T17:22:00.000000, 1.23708, 1.23708, 1.23696, 1.23702, 0.0, 0, 1.237004

ibtest.py --data0 EUR.USD-CASH-IDEALPRO --timeframe Seconds --compression 30 --port 7497 --replay

***** DATA NOTIF: LIVE LIVE, Data0, 0962, 736801.8905911663, 2018-04-17T17:22:27.076771, 1.23694, 1.23694, 1.23694, 1.23694, 0.0, 0, 1.2369999999999999 LIVE, Data0, 0962, 736801.890625, 2018-04-17T17:22:30.000000, 1.23694, 1.23694, 1.23694, 1.23694, 0.0, 0, 1.2369999999999999 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8908331305, 2018-04-17T17:22:47.982471, 1.23693, 1.23693, 1.23693, 1.23693, 0.0, 0, 1.236982 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8908331448, 2018-04-17T17:22:47.983708, 1.23693, 1.23696, 1.23693, 1.23696, 0.0, 0, 1.236988 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8908638399, 2018-04-17T17:22:50.635766, 1.23693, 1.23698, 1.23693, 1.23698, 0.0, 0, 1.236992 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8908640771, 2018-04-17T17:22:50.656264, 1.23693, 1.23699, 1.23693, 1.23699, 0.0, 0, 1.236994 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8908658416, 2018-04-17T17:22:50.808718, 1.23693, 1.237, 1.23693, 1.237, 0.0, 0, 1.236996 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8908685311, 2018-04-17T17:22:51.041084, 1.23693, 1.23701, 1.23693, 1.23701, 0.0, 0, 1.236998 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8908700076, 2018-04-17T17:22:51.168654, 1.23693, 1.23702, 1.23693, 1.23702, 0.0, 0, 1.2369999999999999 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8908825091, 2018-04-17T17:22:52.248782, 1.23693, 1.23702, 1.23693, 1.23701, 0.0, 0, 1.236998 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.890961202, 2018-04-17T17:22:59.047850, 1.23693, 1.23702, 1.23693, 1.23702, 0.0, 0, 1.2369999999999999 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8909623256, 2018-04-17T17:22:59.144933, 1.23693, 1.23704, 1.23693, 1.23704, 0.0, 0, 1.237004 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8909629615, 2018-04-17T17:22:59.199871, 1.23693, 1.23705, 1.23693, 1.23705, 0.0, 0, 1.2370059999999998 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.890965801, 2018-04-17T17:22:59.445203, 1.23693, 1.23705, 1.23693, 1.23704, 0.0, 0, 1.237004 LIVE, Data0, 0963, 736801.8909722222, 2018-04-17T17:23:00.000000, 1.23693, 1.23705, 1.23693, 1.23704, 0.0, 0, 1.237004 LIVE, Data0, 0964, 736801.8909756911, 2018-04-17T17:23:00.299714, 1.23705, 1.23705, 1.23705, 1.23705, 0, 0, 1.2369999999999999 LIVE, Data0, 0964, 736801.8909989573, 2018-04-17T17:23:02.309913, 1.23705, 1.23705, 1.23704, 1.23704, 0.0, 0, 1.236998 LIVE, Data0, 0964, 736801.8910004616, 2018-04-17T17:23:02.439886, 1.23705, 1.23705, 1.23703, 1.23703, 0.0, 0, 1.236996

It seems to me, that the --replay parameter really delivers what I need:

tick based during live streaming after each candlestick timeframe, len(self.data0) increases by one and also the last call to next() for that block seems to comprise consistent values for OHLC for the whole candlestick.

The logic cannot be elsewhere but next, because it is what will be called on a regular basis.

The difference between creating and operating with indicators is explained here: Docs - Platform Concepts - Stage 1 and Stage 2

You may also look at the lifecycle of the Strategy: Docs - Strategy

It appears that somehow I fixed this in the code, and this behavior stopped happening.

I'm not exactly sure what I did, unfortunately, but here's some stuff I added that seemed to help get clarity and prevent orders from getting placed on top of each other

if len(self._orders) > 1: if datetime - bt.num2date(self._orders[-1].created.dt) < timedelta(minutes=90): print("Orders placed too recently, let's not place more ") self.recent_or_open_orders = 1 else: self.recent_or_open_orders = None elif len(self._orderspending) > 0: self.recent_or_open_orders = 1 print("Current time: {}".format(datetime)) for order in self._orderspending: print("Order {} created at {}".format(order.ref, bt.num2date(order.created.dt))) else: self.recent_or_open_orders = None pos = self.getposition(data).size print(self.recent_or_open_orders) print(pos) if self.recent_or_open_orders == None and not pos: # no market / no orders / no recent orders

You have to check the length of the data feed. It changes when a new bar is delivered. This can happen for both data feeds at the same time, but with different timeframes, it will obviously happend a lot more often for the smaller timeframe

@Yacc-Don Or you are testing if it is Nan. Is it equivalent to math.isnan()?

@backtrader said in Matching of stopLimit orders:

@sandro-böhme said in Matching of stopLimit orders:

Somehow from the notify methods I assumed that everything will be handled asynchronously but it doesn't

That's a huge mistake. You may think it's an advantage short-term ... but it isn't. The notify_xxx do simply let you know how things have happened. They imply nothing.

That was indeed a big mistake. Thanks for your support @backtrader!

Your original question is understood. It doesn't matter if you ask in in tradingview or in Hawaii.

The answer is already above, but it seems you fail to understand it.

@han-chen said in Stop loss and profit taker orders, which price get hit first? (add example, previous the questions was confusing):

so do you know which price it hits first? 10.5 or 11?

FIFO order execution. Order introduction in the system is not given. No answer is possible.

@han-chen said in Stop loss and profit taker orders, which price get hit first? (add example, previous the questions was confusing):

It could have been opened at 10.8 and go down to 10, go up to 12, then close down at 10.8, this will hit the stop.
Or it could have been opened at 10.8 and go up to 12, go down to 10, then go up and close at 10.8, this will hit the profit target.

Fantastic ... you have perfectly identified and diagnosed your problem: 4-hour bars don't have the resolution you need for the small price differences which you use for your stop-loss/take-profit orders. If the 4-hour bars are the one giving you the signals, you need a smaller timeframe for actual order execution.

Anyone giving you any other answer is giving you false and wrong advice.

Many other people experience the same problem with daily bars and believe that cheat-on-close and/or cheat-on-open is the solution, which it isn't.

Thank you for your answer,

The first thing I apologize, I think I did not know how to put the code well.

The second my code is not secret, its only a test. I put only the backtest running parts because there are too many lines.

I read the documentation before post and had no problem hiding the imported data directly. My problem is that I don't know how to hide daily resampled data in the chart. Perhaps i lose something but I really can't find anything about it. Here I show everything:

from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals) import backtrader as bt # The backtrader platform import backtrader.feeds as btfeeds # For load CSV data. from backtrader import Indicator, CmpEx # For indicators import backtrader.indicators as btind # For indicators import datetime # For datetime objects from datetime import time import matplotlib # For ploting # Symbols to load symbol_list = ['EURUSD','GBPUSD','USDJPY'] # List for storage the loaded datas data_list = [] # Load the data feeds for symbol in symbol_list: # 1 minute data (Each tick for analyze the strategy)_______________________________________________________ data0 = btfeeds.GenericCSVData( dataname='{}_GMT+0_2018-2019_M1.csv'.format(symbol), fromdate=datetime.datetime(2018, 1, 1), todate=datetime.datetime(2018, 1, 31), #(2018, 1, 31) nullvalue=0.0, dtformat=('%d.%m.%Y %H:%M:%S'), datetime=0, open=1, high=2, low=3, close=4, volume=-1, openinterest=-1, timeframe=bt.TimeFrame.Minutes, compression=1, plot = True ) data_list.append(data0) # 30 minute data (Pullback checking and plotting)__________________________________________________________ data1 = btfeeds.GenericCSVData( dataname='{}_GMT+0_2018-2019_M30.csv'.format(symbol), fromdate=datetime.datetime(2018, 1, 1), todate=datetime.datetime(2018, 1, 31), nullvalue=0.0, dtformat=('%d.%m.%Y %H:%M:%S'), datetime=0, open=1, high=2, low=3, close=4, volume=-1, openinterest=-1, timeframe=bt.TimeFrame.Minutes, compression=30, plot = False ) data_list.append(data1) # 1 Day data (For pivot points indicator)_______________________________________________________________ data2 = btfeeds.GenericCSVData( dataname='{}_GMT+0_2018-2019_D1.csv'.format(symbol), fromdate=datetime.datetime(2018, 1, 1), todate=datetime.datetime(2018, 1, 31), nullvalue=0.0, dtformat=('%d.%m.%Y %H:%M:%S'), datetime=0, open=1, high=2, low=3, close=4, volume=-1, openinterest=-1, timeframe=bt.TimeFrame.Days, compression=1, plot = False ) data_list.append(data2) # Assign data feed variables data_eurusd_m1 = data_list[0] data_eurusd_m30 = data_list[1] data_eurusd_d1 = data_list[2] data_gbpusd_m1 = data_list[3] data_gbpusd_m30 = data_list[4] data_gbpusd_d1 = data_list[5] data_usdjpy_m1 = data_list[6] data_usdjpy_m30 = data_list[7] data_usdjpy_d1 = data_list[8] class PivotPoints_V8_Indicator(Indicator): lines = ('PP', 'R1', 'S1', 'R2', 'S2', 'R3', 'S3') #plotinfo = dict(subplot=False) plotinfo = dict(subplot=False) params = (('_autoplot', True),) # attempt to plot on real target data def _plotinit(self): # Try to plot to the actual timeframe master if self.p._autoplot: if hasattr(self.data, 'data'): self.plotinfo.plotmaster = self.data.data #self.plotinfo.plotmaster = self.data.datas[1] # The second Data (M30) # The indicator plots on resampled data* def __init__(self): h = self.data.high # current high l = self.data.low # current low c = self.data.close # current close self.lines.PP = PP = (h + l + c) / 3.0 self.lines.R1 = R1 = 2.0 * PP - l self.lines.S1 = S1 = 2.0 * PP - h self.lines.R2 = R2 = (PP - S1) + R1 self.lines.S2 = S2 = PP - (R1 - S1) self.lines.R3 = (PP - S2) + R2 self.lines.S3 = PP - (R2 - S2) #super(PivotPoint, self).__init__() # enable coopertive inheritance if self.p._autoplot: self.plotinfo.plot = False # disable own plotting self() # Coupler to follow real object def time_in_range(start, end, x): """Return true if x is in the range [start, end]""" if start <= end: return start <= x <= end else: return start <= x or x <= end # The Strategy class PIVOTPOINTS_V8(bt.Strategy): # datas[0] = EURUSD #... # datas[3] = GBPUSD #... # datas[6] = USDJPY #... def log(self, txt, dt=None): ''' Logging function for this strategy''' dt = dt or self.datas[0].datetime.datetime(0) print('%s, %s' % (dt.strftime('%d-%m-%Y %H:%M:%S'), txt)) def __init__(self): # Strategy symbol self.symbol = 'EURUSD.r' #,'GBPUSD.r','USDJPY.r' # Indicator self.pivotindicator = PivotPoints_V8_Indicator(self.datas[3]) # the resampled data #self.pivotindicator.plotinfo.plotlinelabels = True # Data references self.M1_datetime = self.datas[0].datetime self.M1_close = self.datas[0].close self.M30_close = self.datas[1].close self.D1_close = self.datas[2].close self.D1_high = self.datas[2].high self.D1_low = self.datas[2].low # Strategy variables self.pullback_size = 70 self.pullback_candles = 10 #(M30 Candles!) self.op_counters = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] self.send_distance = 70 #(Points) self.open_distance = 20 #(Points) self.lot = 1.5 #(1 lot = 100.000 unitary units) self.stoploss = 100 self.takeprofit = 100 # Keep a reference to the orders #self.order = None def notify_order(self, order): #date = self.data.datetime.datetime().date() date = self.data.datetime.datetime() if order.status == order.Accepted: print('-'*32,' NOTIFY ORDER ','-'*32) print('Order Accepted') print('{}, Status {}: Ref: {}, Size: {}, Price: {}'.format( date, order.status, order.ref, order.size, 'NA' if not order.price else round(order.price,5) )) if order.status == order.Completed: print('-'*32,' NOTIFY ORDER ','-'*32) print('Order Completed') print('{}, Status {}: Ref: {}, Size: {}, Price: {}'.format( date, order.status, order.ref, order.size, 'NA' if not order.price else round(order.price,5) )) print('Created: {} Price: {} Size: {}'.format(bt.num2date(order.created.dt), order.created.price,order.created.size)) print('-'*80) if order.status == order.Canceled: print('-'*32,' NOTIFY ORDER ','-'*32) print('Order Canceled') print('{}, Status {}: Ref: {}, Size: {}, Price: {}'.format( date, order.status, order.ref, order.size, 'NA' if not order.price else round(order.price,5) )) if order.status == order.Rejected: print('-'*32,' NOTIFY ORDER ','-'*32) print('WARNING! Order Rejected') print('{}, Status {}: Ref: {}, Size: {}, Price: {}'.format( date, order.status, order.ref, order.size, 'NA' if not order.price else round(order.price,5) )) print('-'*80) def notify_trade(self, trade): date = self.data.datetime.datetime() if trade.isclosed: print('-'*32,' NOTIFY TRADE ','-'*32) print('{}, Close Price: {}, Profit, Gross {}, Net {}'.format( date, trade.price, round(trade.pnl,2), round(trade.pnlcomm,2))) print('-'*80) def next(self): #//////// Trading Time ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// start = time(4,0,0) #4,0,0 end = time (20,50,0) #20,50,0 now = self.M1_datetime.time() weekday = self.datas[0].datetime.datetime(0).weekday() if time_in_range(start, end, now) and weekday in [1,2,3,4]: #(Monday=0, Tueasday=1...Sunday=6) # --- Get Data ---------------------------------------------------------------------- # Pivot Points values PP = self.pivotindicator.lines.PP[0] R1 = self.pivotindicator.lines.R1[0] S1 = self.pivotindicator.lines.S1[0] R2 = self.pivotindicator.lines.R2[0] S2 = self.pivotindicator.lines.S2[0] R3 = self.pivotindicator.lines.R3[0] S3 = self.pivotindicator.lines.S3[0] # List of pivot point levels for send orders iteration (Buy and Sell each level) pp_levels = [PP,PP,R1,R1,S1,S1,R2,R2,S2,S2,R3,R3,S3,S3] # Price (M1 Close, Backtrader cant handle tick data for Bid and Ask prices) price = self.M1_close[0] # Point value if 'JPY' in self.symbol: point = 0.001 else: point = 0.00001 # Pullbacks periods_back = self.pullback_candles #(M30 Candles) back_rates = self.M1_close.get(size=periods_back, ago=0) highest = max(back_rates) lowest = min(back_rates) pullback_buy = (highest - price) / point > self.pullback_size pullback_sell = (price - lowest) / point > self.pullback_size # --- Send Orders --------------------------------------------------------------- # Check if any entry condition has been met for i in range(len(self.op_counters)): # BUY iterations on pivot levels if i in [0,2,4,6,8,10,12]: if price > pp_levels[i] and price < (pp_levels[i] + self.send_distance * point) and pullback_buy == True and self.op_counters[i] == 0 : price = pp_levels[i]+(self.open_distance*point) # Price of the limit order sl = price - (self.stoploss*point) tp =price + (self.takeprofit*point) buy_order = self.buy_bracket(limitprice=tp, price=price, stopprice=sl, exectype=bt.Order.Limit, size= self.lot*100000) # Update ticket # Update counter self.op_counters[i] +=1 # SELL iterations on pivot levels elif i in [1,3,5,7,9,11,13]: if price < pp_levels[i] and price > (pp_levels[i] - self.send_distance * point) and pullback_sell == True and self.op_counters[i] == 0 : price = pp_levels[i]-(self.open_distance*point) # Price of the limit order sl = price + (self.stoploss*point) tp =price - (self.takeprofit*point) sell_order = self.sell_bracket(limitprice=tp, price=price, stopprice=sl, exectype=bt.Order.Limit, size= self.lot*100000) # Update ticket # Update counter self.op_counters[i] +=1 # --- Orders Managment ----------------------------------------------------------- else: #//////// Out of trading Time //////////////////////////////////////////////////// # --- Reset ---------------------------------------------------------------------- self.op_counters = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] # --- Close all ---------------------------------------------------------------------- if self.position: self.close() #self.close(data= self.datas[0]) if __name__ == '__main__': # Instantiate the Cerebro engine cerebro = bt.Cerebro(stdstats=False) # remove the standard observers # Add a strategy cerebro.addstrategy(PIVOTPOINTS_V8) # Add the Data Feeds to Cerebro cerebro.adddata(data_eurusd_m1) cerebro.adddata(data_eurusd_m30) cerebro.adddata(data_eurusd_d1) #cerebro.adddata(data_gbpusd_m1) #cerebro.adddata(data_gbpusd_m30) #cerebro.adddata(data_gbpusd_d1) #cerebro.adddata(data_usdjpy_m1) #cerebro.adddata(data_usdjpy_m30) #cerebro.adddata(data_usdjpy_d1) # Resampled data for the indicator cerebro.resampledata(data_eurusd_m1, timeframe=bt.TimeFrame.Days) # Set our desired cash start cerebro.broker.setcash(100000.0) cerebro.broker.set_checksubmit(False) # Set the commission - 25 monetary units per 1 lot (1 lot = 100.000 monetary units), per buy/sell = 0.0125%, total= 0.025% cerebro.broker.setcommission(commission=0.000125) # Add Analyzers #cerebro.addanalyzer(bt.analyzers.TradeAnalyzer, _name='TradeAnalyzer') #cerebro.addanalyzer(bt.analyzers.Returns, _name='Returns') #cerebro.addanalyzer(bt.analyzers.TimeReturn, _name='TimeReturn') #cerebro.addanalyzer(bt.analyzers.Transactions, _name='Transactions') #cerebro.addanalyzer(bt.analyzers.PositionsValue, _name='PositionsValue') #cerebro.addanalyzer(bt.analyzers.DrawDown, _name='DrawDown') #cerebro.addanalyzer(bt.analyzers.AnnualReturn, _name='AnnualReturn') # Print out the starting conditions print('Starting Portfolio Value: %.2f' % cerebro.broker.getvalue()) # Run over everything (loop over the data) results = cerebro.run() strat = results[0] # Print out the final result print('Final Portfolio Value: %.2f' % cerebro.broker.getvalue()) cerebro.plot(style='candle', numfigs=1, barup ='lime', bardown ='red', valuetags=False)

@kriku I am trying to replicate the same scenario for Indian stock . I have a paper account with IB.

from _datetime import datetime import backtrader as bt # Create a Stratey class TestStrategy(bt.Strategy): def log(self, txt, dt=None): ''' Logging function for this strategy''' dt = dt or self.datas[0].datetime.date(0) print('%s, %s' % (dt.isoformat(), txt)) def __init__(self): # Keep a reference to the "close" line in the data[0] dataseries self.dataclose = self.datas[0].close def next(self): # Simply log the closing price of the series from the reference self.log('Close, %.2f' % self.dataclose[0]) if __name__ == '__main__': # Create a cerebro entity cerebro = bt.Cerebro() ibstore = bt.stores.IBStore(host='127.0.0.1', port=4002, clientId=7777777) #ibstore = bt.stores.IBStore(host='127.0.0.1', port=4002, clientId=6666666) data = ibstore.getdata(dataname="RELIANCE-STK-SMART-IND", historical=True, fromdate=datetime(2019, 1, 1), todate=datetime(2019, 8, 1), timeframe=bt.TimeFrame.Minutes, compression=5) cerebro.adddata(data) cerebro.addstrategy(TestStrategy) cerebro.broker.setcash(100000.0) # Print out the starting conditions print('Starting Portfolio Value: %.2f' % cerebro.broker.getvalue()) # Run over everything cerebro.run() # Print out the final result print('Final Portfolio Value: %.2f' % cerebro.broker.getvalue())

But this is not giving me any data. Getting below output :

Starting Portfolio Value: 100000.00 Final Portfolio Value: 100000.00

I have the permission enabled in IB to share the live account data with paper account. Am i missing something ?

Seems like pandas data feed doesn't have dtformat parameter, it relates to csv data feed.

Blog - Fund tracking

@run-out You are correct. Needed to go back to the drawing board as a result. Thank you.

Does this have anything to do with the "short interest" indicator? I'm trying to figure out how to create it in backtrader but I don't know if what this post is about is the same thing.

Your help & support is greatly appreciated. Thanks a bunch! @run-out

Sell using stop order, not limit.

@vladisld said in How to backtest a group of stocks？:

Cerebro logic for each stock separately ( in a loop)

It works! I misunderstood what you meant. I'm just an idiot without your help. Thanks for your help.

@carsten said in how to upload several stocks data in backtrader?:

cerebro.adddata(data)

Use:

cerebro.adddata(data, name="insert your security name here")

@run-out I originally tried this but got a, linebuffer has no attribute dummyline, in the next() function. Shouldn't setting self.gamma to dummyline in the init be enough to call it later on without dummyline[0]

The guy in your link didn't include fees & slippage.

Further more it should be noted that every single EMA combination tested (and most SMAs) outperformed the buy and hold annualized return of 6.32%^ during the test period (before allowing for transaction costs and slippage)Further more it should be noted that every single EMA combination tested (and most SMAs) outperformed the buy and hold annualized return of 6.32%^ during the test period (before allowing for transaction costs and slippage)

@andydoc1 said in Sorry, more about missing attribute 'high', and definition in init not recognised in next:

but uncommenting the reference to the [-1] comparison to [-2] leads to the following error:

self.datas[0] - data feed # 1 from all N data feeds added
self.datas[-1] - data feed # N from all N data feeds added
self.datas[-2] - data feed # N-1 from all N data feeds added

This is how python list indexing works.

if you use only one data feed than evidently self.datas[-2] doesn't exist. Also if single data feed is added than self.datas[0] == self.datas[-1].

I would recommend you to start reading the docs. It will save your time and help to understand the bt.